“While we are increasingly
encouraged by the growing
numbers of cancer survivors
who are living longer
and better,” said boardcertified
medical oncologist Dr. Arati Patel of
CalvertHealth Hematology & Oncology, “there is
cause for concern with the jump in young adults
being diagnosed with cancer – especially with
colorectal cancer.”
Experts aren’t sure what’s causing the jump in colorectal cancer
among young adults. But researchers are exploring factors such
as diet, obesity, lack of exercise, tobacco and alcohol use as well
as environmental impacts such as exposure to chemicals.
Much of the discussion about the possible causes of earlyonset
disease have centered on three interrelated factors: diet,
bacteria in the gut and inflammation. There’s mounting evidence
linking an unhealthy diet – in particular one high in processed
meat and fat, and low in fruits and vegetables – to early-onset
colorectal cancer.
Several studies have found that being overweight or obese
may raise someone’s chance of getting early-onset colorectal
cancer. Unhealthy diets have become more common in past
decades, the researchers pointed out. And the number of children
and adults who are overweight or obese continues to climb.
In addition, Americans are spending more time sitting
and less time being active. Other scientists have turned their
focus to bacteria that live in the gut, also called the microbiome.
Unhealthy diets and gut bacteria are connected in another way,
too. Both can lead to inflammation –the body’s reaction to injury,
disease or irritation.
First, More Awareness is Needed
But for now, many have agreed there are several key steps to addressing this
health crisis in our community – spreading awareness of the early warning signs
of colon cancer in young adults, promoting evidence-based screening that is
accessible to all eligible individuals, (see guidelines at right) and educating the
community about healthy lifestyle habits for prevention. This is true in Calvert,
where cancer once again topped the list of health concerns for local residents in
the most recent Community Health Needs Assessment. CalvertHealth conducts
the assessment every three years to identify the most pressing health needs in
the community and and then develops strategies for addressing each one.
While young adults often skip check-ups, Dr. Patel stressed the importance
in proactively identifying potential health problems and addressing emerging
issues early on. Young people – like everyone else – need to communicate with
their healthcare provider if they notice rectal bleeding, unusual stools, changes
in bowel movements or low energy or tiredness.
National Cancer Prevention and Early Detection Month serves as a reminder
to everyone that they have the power to take charge of their health with lifestyle
changes and routine screenings, because early detection equals better outcomes.
“It’s important for everyone of all ages to know that cancer screenings are
lifesaving,” said Dr. Patel, “and that early detection before symptoms develop
can make all the difference in successfully beating these diseases.”
Lifestyle Changes That Can Really Help
“Eating healthy foods, staying active and managing stress can seem fairly simple
but can be hard to do every day,” said Dr. Patel. “However, following a ‘clean
diet’ can be a remarkably successful strategy/path to good health. This starts
with eating foods in their most natural state such as fresh fruits and vegetables,
lean meats, plant-based proteins, whole grains and healthy fats such as olive oil
and nuts. At the same time, you want to cut back on cookies, candy, cake, chips,
sodas, creamers, alcohol, fast-food and ultra-processed foods.
“The current guidelines recommend 150 minutes of moderate exercise a
week, in addition to an active lifestyle. Maintaining physical fitness does not need
to be a chore and does not need to be done all at once. Try a variety of exercises
such as core, cardio, muscle strengthening and stretching.
“Finally, integrative health strategies can make a huge positive impact on
your total well-being and ability to tackle health concerns and other difficulties.”
Dr. Patel suggests trying journaling, yoga, meditation, breath work, spiritual
support, improvements in sleep and self-awareness.”
CANCER SCREENING GUIDELINES
Cancer screening increases the chances
of detecting certain cancers early, when
they might be easier to treat. CalvertHealth
generally recommends following the National
Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN)
guidelines as a framework for decision making.
The information below is for individuals with
average risk of cancer. It’s important to know
if you may be at higher-than-average risk for
certain cancers. Your doctor can help you decide
what screening plan is right for you.
BREAST CANCER
For women over the age of 40, NCCN guidelines
recommend an annual screening mammogram.
3D mammography may improve cancer detection
in certain cases.
CERVICAL CANCER
Beginning at age 21, women should have a Pap
test every 3 years. From age 30-65, women should
have a Pap test and HPV test every 5 years.
COLON CANCER
For those at average risk, a screening colonoscopy
is recommended beginning at age 45 and as
needed thereafter – based on the finding of the first
screening through the age of 75.
LUNG CANCER
Current smokers – or those who have quit within
the past 15 years – who are ages 50-80 with a
greater than 20 pack-year history may benefit
from an annual low-dose CT scan.
PROSTATE CANCER
Men between the ages of 45 and 74 should have
a conversation with their healthcare provider
about the risks and benefits of prostate cancer
screening.
SKIN CANCER
While there are no specific age guidelines, most
skin cancers can be found early with regular
exams. Talk to your doctor about your risk and
how often you should have your skin examined.
In cooperation with our community partners, free
and low-cost screenings are offered for colorectal,
breast, cervical, lung, prostate and skin for those
who meet eligibility criteria. Call 410.535.8233.